Assessing Legacy Software Systems: Existence, Challenges, Impact, and Migration Strategies in Organizational Contexts

Authors

  • Sufian Khamis Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing & Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
  • Wajdi Aljudebi Department of Computer Science, Faculty of Computing & Information Technology, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia

DOI:

https://doi.org/10.26713/cma.v17i1.3513

Keywords:

Legacy Software Systems (LSSs), Modern Software Systems (MSSs), Technological Challenges, Organizational Impact, System Modernization, Migration Strategies, Goal-Question- Metric (GQM)

Abstract

Legacy software systems remain deeply embedded in modern organizations, often serving as the backbone of mission-critical operations. Despite their importance, these systems introduce significant challenges related to security, scalability, maintainability, and integration with modern technologies. This study provides an empirical examination of legacy software systems based on responses from 200 IT specialists across public and private organizations. The findings reveal high dependency on aging systems, widespread technical and organizational challenges, and substantial impact on business workflows and digital transformation efforts. The study also highlights modernization strategies currently adopted by organizations, including cloud migration, reengineering, and incremental refactoring. Based on these insights, this research proposes the need for structured evaluation models and future application of the Goal–Question–Metric (GQM) paradigm to measure the depth and breadth of legacy software system dependency. The results contribute to a deeper understanding of legacy software system realities and offer guidance for sustainable modernization practices.

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Published

30-03-2026

Issue

Section

Review Article

How to Cite

Khamis, S., & Aljudebi, W. (2026). Assessing Legacy Software Systems: Existence, Challenges, Impact, and Migration Strategies in Organizational Contexts. Communications in Mathematics and Applications, 17(1), 235-249. https://doi.org/10.26713/cma.v17i1.3513