Assessing the Efficiency of Bootstrap Method: Application SAS Programming Algorithm for Exponential Growth Streptococcus Sobrinus
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26713/cma.v13i3.1781Keywords:
Exponential growth, Exponential model, Bootstrap method, SAS programming, Parameter estimatesAbstract
Introduction: The bootstrap method is commonly used to estimate values linked with estimator and test statistical sampling distributions. As a result, it is required to have a good manner of calculating with some improvement of the proposed strategy to maintain the proposed model’s efficiency and accuracy. Objective: This study aimed to compare parameter estimates using SAS programming and determine the optimal computation for representing data using the bootstrapping and non-bootstrapping methods. Methods: In this study, the bootstrap method was applied using SAS programming. Results: In comparison to a model without bootstrapping, exponential growth demonstrates a very good model utilizing bootstrapping approach because the outcome provided the smallest standard error. This implies that the best model is the exponential model with bootstrapping approach. Conclusions: Finally, these prospective methodologies have resulted in the effective study and provide the best outcomes for decision making, particularly for decision-makers, among studies in their sector.
Downloads
References
W. M. A. W. Ahmad, F. M. M. Ghazali, N. F. M. Noor and N. A. Aleng, Modeling for exponential growth and decay methodology in biometry using SAS syntax, Bulletin of Applied Mathematics and Mathematics Education 1(1) (2021), 1 – 8, DOI: 10.12928/bamme.v1i1.3853.
W. M. A. Ahmad, R. A. A. Rohim and N. H. Ismail, Forecasting parameter estimates: A modeling approach using exponential and linear regression, Journal of Engineering, Technology & Applied Science Research 8(4) (2018), 3162 – 3167, DOI: 10.48084/etasr.2150.
D. L. Cassel, BootstrapMania: Resampling the SAS®, SAS Global Forum 2010: Statistics and Data Analysis, Paper 268-2010, 1 – 11, URL: https://support.sas.com/resources/papers/proceedings10/268-2010.pdf.
B. Efron, Bootstrap methods: Another look at Jacknife, The Annals of Statistics 7 (1979), 1 – 26, DOI: 10.1214/aos/1176344552.
T. Igarashi, A. Yamamoto and N. Goto, PCR for detection and identification of Streptococcus sobrinus, Journal of Medical Microbiology 49 (2000), 1069 – 1074, DOI: 10.1099/0022-1317-49-12-1069.
B. C. Jung, M. Jhun and J. W. Lee, Bootstrap tests for overdispersion in a zero-inflated poisson regression model, Biometrics 61 (2005), 626 – 629, DOI: 10.1111/j.1541-0420.2005.00368.x.
M. Károly, N. Gábor, N. Ádám and B. Andrea, Characteristics, diagnosis and treatment of the most common bacterial diseases of the oral cavity, Orvosi Hetilap 160(19) (2019), 739 – 746, DOI: 10.1556/650.2019.31377, (in Hungarian).
W. J. Loesche, Role of streptococcus mutans in human dental decay, Microbiological Reviews 50 (1986), 353 – 380, DOI: 10.1128%2Fmr.50.4.353-380.1986.
S. A. Mosaddad, E. Tahmasebi, A. Yazdanian, M. B. Rezvani, A. Seifalian, M. Yazdanian and H. Tebyanian, Oral microbial biofilms: An update, European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 38 (2019), 2005 – 2019, DOI: 10.1007/s10096-019-03641-9.
M. A. Peres, L. M. D. Macpherson, R. J. Weyant, B. Daly, R. Venturelli, M. R. Mathur, S. Listl, R. K. Celeste, C. C. Guarnizo-Herreño, C. Kearns, H. Benzian, P. Allison and R. G. Watt, Oral diseases: A global public health challenge, The Lancet 394(10194) (2019), 249 – 260, DOI: 10.1016/S0140-6736(19)31146-8.
R. A. A. Rohim, W. M. A. Ahmad, N. H. Ismail, M. A. Yaaqob, M. K. Alam and F. M. M. Ghazali, Study of oral lactobacillus towards developing a comprehensive structured for integrated exponential regression model, Bangladesh Journal of Medical Science 19(3) (2020), 552 – 557, DOI: 10.3329/bjms.v19i3.45874.
J. Štšepetova, J. Truu, R. Runnel, R. Nõmmela, M. Saag, J. Olak, H. Nõlvak, J.-K. Preem, K. Oopkaup, K. Krjutškov, E. Honkala, S. Honkala, K. Mäkinen, P.-L. Mäkinen, T. Vahlberg, J. Vermeiren, D. Bosscher, P. de Cock and R. Mändar, Impact of polyols on oral microbiome of Estonian schoolchildren, BMC Oral Health 19 (2019), Article number: 60, DOI: 10.1186/s12903-019-0747-z.
R. A. Whiley and D. Beighton, Current classification of the oral streptococci, Oral Microbiology and Immunology 13 (1998), 195 – 216, DOI: 10.1111/j.1399-302x.1998.tb00698.x.
K. Yadav and S. Prakash, Dental caries: A microbiological approach, Journal of Clinical Infectious Diseases & Practice 2(1) (2017), 1 – 15, DOI: 10.4172/2476-213X.1000118.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:
- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a CCAL that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work.
